Hydrology

- ~ 55 m high earthfill dam
 - Foundation and abutment grouting is essential in order to minimise water losses

Masterplan for the diversion works considering hydrologic data, environmental issues and hydro-power energy use

The project comprises of 5 discrete phases:
- Data entry and processing
- Software and equipment supply for web operation
- Automatic Telemetric Meteorogical Station Network
- Locate position using GPS
- Consulting and Project Management - Technical Suppport - Capacity Building

It is a rockfill dam with clay core, 77m high and 560m crest length. The total volume of the dam is 2.700.000m³. The dam is founded on gneiss. Dam reservoir’s capacity is 12.000.000m³.
The spillway has discharge flow of 370m³/s (PMF), with maximum width 32m. The energy dissipation is achieved through a flip bucket and a steeling basin.
The cross-section of the diversion tunnel is of horseshoe shape with 150m radius. When the construction is over, it is converted to an intake and reservoir drain works.

The project seeks to provide a specific, actionable plan for combating desertification based on emerging technologies piloted in parts of the basin and quantify the expected impact of this plan on the water balance and local economy.
Specific project objectives include:
1.Engage stakeholders to identify major impacts of desertification in Pinios and existing applications of new technologies and techniques (agriculture).
2. Identify and assess the effectiveness of all existing initiatives, pilots and experimental applications of new technologies.

The new Patra - Pyrgos - Tsakona (PAPYTSA) Motorway follows, in general terms, the same route as the existing road. It travels south from Pyrgos to Kalo Nero and then turns east through the valley bounded by Mt. Tetrazio to the north and the Kyparissia mountains to the south, until it intersects the Tripolis – Kalamata Motorway at Tsakona, where the Olympian Highway ends. The main studies of this project were:
- Hydrology - Discharge determination of watersheds at several Geographical Units of Patra Pyrgos highway

Xerias river basin has an area of 174 km² and extends from the town of Korinthos (North) to the Southern districts of the Korinthos Prefecture, at the frontier with Argolida. Xerias river flow is seasonal with intense fluctuations. The January 1997 storms caused serious disasters.
The works included:
- Open and closed parts combination with composite concrete/steel sections, 1330m long.

This project is part of the reallocation plan for the plain. Therefore the existing irrigation system is fully redesigned, taking into account the optimal utilisation of the available water resources.
The works included:
- The designed network covers an area of 160.000.000 m².
- It is consisted of 9 irrigation zones, which are irrigated by pumping stations. Kerkini lake is the main supply reservoir providing water to all the irrigation zones through the main delivery canal.
- Downstream Control is used.

The project consists of the following individual works:
- The main embankment dam
- The spillway (collector, spillway canal, flip bucket, plunge pool)
- The diversion works which are combined with the intake and reservoir evacuation works.
Specifically:
- The dam is 48 m heigh with an impermeable core. The embankment cross section is trapezoid with a 2:1 (v:h) slope inclination and upstream-downstream berm provision.
- The diversion works are formed prior to the main fill construction. The 4mx4m rectangular culvert is 377 m long.

The Schinas dam will be regulated along with the Vroutsas dam. The total project is part of the general water resources management project for the island of Karpathos, and also operates as a flood protection scheme.
The works include:
- The Schinas dam is of rockfill type with a clay impervious core .
- Height 31m. Crest length 242m. Crest width 8m.
- Embankment volume 420.000m³
- Total reservoir net volume 1.100.000m³.
- Maximum reservoir water surface 141.000m².